Hobbes Laws of Nature Essay - 700 Words

Based upon the assigned segment of Thomas Hobbes’ The Leviathan, I find that it contrasts very strongly with my own perception of humanity and our motivations. I consider his conclusions to be both ignorant and uninformed (ironic, considering I’ve only ever read one segment of his works†¦) at least in regard to human nature. Hobbes takes the position that in a â€Å"state of nature† there are no laws and as such the concept of justice and injustice is null, because there is no law to violate or enforce. Which, in the most basic, factual and literary sense, is true. But in application, I don’t believe that the theory holds much merit. Hobbes’ basis for the state of nature is that in such a state, there is no authority, and without authority,†¦show more content†¦Ignoring the seemingly self-contradicting aspect of Hobbes’ theory, then by his own definition, if somebody where to invade for the sake of fighting, that would be unjust , as it would violate his natural laws. If not injustice, what would Hobbes claim a selfish and violent act such as rape or murder be? In our society, there exist plenty of people who do not recognize the right of government (theoretically placing them in a state of nature), but out of either principle or (a concept which I believe Hobbes neglects) sympathy, they do not rape or murder whomever they could gain something from. Without yet even considering the possibility of justice in the state of nature, Hobbes’ views already seem preposterous. With no applied government, if somebody were, hypothetically, to steal something from another person and an observer were to stop the thief and return the stolen item, then whether there are laws or not, that -- at least by my definition -- would be considered justice. Hobbes does however differentiate good and bad from just and unjust. Good being what men desire and bad being what men hate. These definitions being of childlike in their simplicity are in Hobbes’ eyes, applied on a person by person basis. Perhaps the question, in light of Hobbes’ views and the modern understanding of these words should then be rephrased: â€Å"Is there good or bad in a state of nature?† Which I think depends on the majorities feelings. Perhaps the definitions haveShow MoreRelatedLocke Vs. Hobbes : The Need For The Social Contract1238 Words   |  5 Pagesbeneficial to individuals in a group. The original social contract required that there was a strong leader who could protect all involved from harm, since the world was a dangerous and deadly place. This allowed the original social contract that Hobbe’s beliefs are based on, and at the time, it is possible that an autocratic society was necessary. We obviously did not have the capabili ty to govern ourselves yet. It wasn’t until around 3000 years ago that humanity got this chance, with the destructionRead MoreThomas Hobbes State of Nature in Leviathan Essay847 Words   |  4 Pagesdeemed paramount. Within the State of Nature that is, outside of civil society we have a right to all things ‘even to one another’s body’, and there would be no agreed authority to ensure the moral grounds of our decisions. Therefore since there are no restrictions and no shared authority; man is naturally un-guarded and prone to conflict and each individual is deemed a potential threat to our resources. From this concept Hobbes deduces that the state of nature is thus primarily a state of war,Read MoreComparing Thomas Hobbes and Augustine Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesAn Antedote For It nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Augustine believes that the condition of war arises when the perfectly ordered and harmonious enjoyment of God is disrupted (The City of God, 690) whereas Hobbes believes that the original state of nature is a condition of constant war, which rational and self-motivated people want to end. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Augustine argues that peace is more than the absence of hostilities - it is a state of harmony that makes possible the full functioningRead MoreCompare and Contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s Views of the State of Nature and the Fundamental Purpose of Political Society. Whose View Is the More Plausible? Why?1564 Words   |  7 Pagesviews of the state of nature and the fundamental purpose of political society. Whose view is the more plausible? Why? Introduction Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both natural law theorists and social contracts theorists. While most natural law theorists have predominantly been of the opinion that humans are social animals by nature, Locke and Hobbes had a different perspective. Their points of view were remarkably different from those perpetuated by other natural law theorists. On theRead MoreHobbes And Locke s Political Legitimacy1530 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical legitimacy might look quite similar at first glance, because each theorized about the nature of mankind and the right political systems that would meet the needs of individuals. However, in Hobbes’ perspective, political authority does not pre-exist in individual’s state of nature, rather, it is created by the social contract and serves to ensure self-preservation which is threatened in a state of nature. In contrast, Locke thought that the social contract does not create authority, but that politicalRead MoreConflicting Moral Argum ents : Louis Vaughn s Philosophy, Moral Relativism And Moral Objectivism872 Words   |  4 Pageshow things should be† (2). In Philosophy, moral relativism and moral objectivism are two conflicting but somewhat overlapping school of thought. These beliefs govern the way an individual acts; they also decide the ethical guidelines from which the law is written. In this essay we will delineate the differences between the two sects of belief. Pojman asserts that many people self-report as moral subjectivists; he writes that humans fall victim to rashly praising relativism for its tolerance of otherRead MoreU.s. Foreign Policy Policies916 Words   |  4 Pagesin trading as we can see in the United Nations and the Trans Pacific Partnership that is currently being debated on. Political realism supports Hobbe’s view of the state of nature. Hobbes asserts that without a presiding government to legislate codes of conduct, no morality or justice can exist. â€Å"Where there is no common Power, there is no Law: where no Law, no Injustice if there be no Power erected, or not great enough for our security; every man will and may lawfully rely on his own strength andRead MoreThe Social Contract: Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau1377 Words   |  6 Pagespunishment to the performance of their covenants and observation of those laws of nature...† (Levithian, Pt. 2 Ch. 17 s. 1) Locke, similarly feels that, he purpose of law is not to restrict the freedom of man but rather to preserve man and grant him liberty. â€Å"†¦ the end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom: for in all the states of created beings capable of laws, where there is no law, there is no freedom: for liberty is, to be free from restraint and violenceRead MoreThe Fault Of Our Sovereign1638 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fault in our Sovereign In Hobbe’s, â€Å"Leviathan,† he gives a detailed account of what he believes is the best way to live, a big part of this is establishing something along the lines of a government. Hobbes believes that every one is a psychological egoist and takes this into account when forming his ideal form of government. Hobbes believes that having a sovereign is the best route one can take to live as an egoist. I believe that it is ultimately not the best route for an egoist, first becauseRead MoreRussian Mafia1601 Words   |  7 Pagescommit a crime, in this case, this would apply to whether members of the Russian Mafia are egocentric and advancing their own personal gains and interests in practicing the activities they do. Rational theorists say that its in our human behavior and nature to self-advance our own interests and causes. According to the rational choice theory, we could make the argument that members of the Russian Mafia are people, who are freethinking, independent r ational decision-makers. If we trace back to the beginning

Satyam Scandal - 1623 Words

SATYAM SCANDAL I. Analyze the case and respond to the following questions: (a) Discuss the earnings management techniques employed by the management of Satyam. In this case of Satyam, I can conclude that the obvious technique employed by the said management are: 1. â€Å"Big Bet on The Future†. When an acquisition occurs, the company acquiring the other is said to have made a big bet on the future. As refer to this case, Ramalingam Raju the Chairman of Satyam Computer Services Ltd. believes the acquisition of Maytas Infra and Maytas Properties will benefit Satyam and boost its earnings in the future. The first instance is when he knows both Maytas companies are highly growth company in developmental infrastructure. So,†¦show more content†¦The manager of the company needs to understand the effects of the accounting reporting that they reported so they can make the best decision on behalf of the company. In addition, earnings management is a strategy used by the management of a company to appropriately manipulate the company’s earnings so that the figures match a pre-determined target. This practice is carried out for the purpose of income smoothing. Thus, rather than having years of good or bad earnings, companies will try to keep the figures relatively stable by adding and removing cash from reserve accounts. So, the financial statements of the company will be seen smoothly over the years with the smooth earnings or net profits. The reasons for many companies using earnings management within the company are whether to maintain steady earnings growth or to avoid reporting in losses. So, people use earnings management in different ways to cover their activities, whether the activities are acceptable or not acceptable. The earnings management is not be called as not acceptable activities if the activities not manipulate financial statements and report results that is not really incurred in reality. In other word, the earnings management will be not acceptable if it misrepresenting financial results. Some earnings management can be classified as acceptable and some can be classified as not acceptable. The instance of acceptable earnings management is advertisingShow MoreRelatedSatyam : India s Biggest Corporate Scandal1959 Words   |  8 PagesExecutive Summary Incorporated in 1987, Satyam Computer Services Limited (a foreign private issuer) was India’s fourth largest IT company that operated in 65 countries around the world, including 9 offices in the United States. It had American Depository Shares traded on the New York Stock Exchange during the fraud period (2003-2008) and changed its name to Sify Technologies Limited in October 2007. Now, Satyam has a new senior management team consisting of members formerly associated with Tech MahindraRead MoreSatyam : India s Growing Success Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesSATYAM COMPUTER SCAM Satyam Computer Services Limited was formed in 1987 in Hyderabad (India) by Mr. Ramalinga Raju. The firm began with 20 employees and grew rapidly as a ‘global’ business. It offered IT and business process outsourcing (BPO) services spanning various sectors. Satyam was as an example of â€Å"India’s growing success.† Satyam won numerous awards for innovation, governance, and corporate accountability. From 2003-2008, the company grew measurably. Satyam generated Rs. 25,415.4 millionRead MoreEthics in Accounting1196 Words   |  5 PagesUniversity – New York Accounting for Decision Making, MBA 640 Fall 2011 Required Research Paper Page 1 of 11 Table of Contents Number Content Page Number 1 Introduction 3 2 Ethics in Accounting 4 3 Enron Scandal 6 4 Satyam Scandal 8 5 Conclusion 10 6 References 11 Page 2 of 11 Introduction †¢ What is â€Å"Ethics†? Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, is a branch of philosophy that addresses questions about morality—that is, conceptsRead MoreEssay about External Auditors Must be Independent1154 Words   |  5 Pagesauditor, Arthur Andersen became one the most popular accounting scandal where it is still being talked about even after a decade has passed. Following this scandal, other massive organizations like WorldCom (2002), AIG (2004), and Satyam Computer Services (2009) shared the same fate. Since then, there have been questions being asked on the issue of the independence of auditors being one of the major contributors to these accounting scandals. Firstly, it’ll be good to know the definition of auditingRead MoreThe nature, incidence and ethical issues of creative accounting4406 Words   |  18 Pagesmanipulate the figures reported in the accounts of a business (Naser, 1993, p.59). Creative accounting, at root, is the origin of numerous accounting frauds. Many accounting scandal cases (like the scandals in Enron, WorldCom, and other firms) in the past few years had happened with the result of collapse. Most of these scandals were conducted by the senior management of organisations and many victims include the employees, shareholders as well as the society had been suffered from these fraudulentRead MoreFraud As White Collar Crimes1581 Words   |  7 Pageswhether to believe to business, corporate companies and even our neighbours. These days corporate scandals are increased in frequency and severity, we are even believe them and guess the effects of them, we can call corporate scam as white-collar crimes . The scams like Enron, WorldCom, Satyam and Augusta helicopter scams are few examples of biggest frauds in the last two decades. If we go in depth with Satyam computers scam that occurred in 2009, we will know what the fraud is, they manipulated theirRead More‘Satyam – the Enron of India’999 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION The case study ‘Satyam – the Enron of India’ looks at Satyam Computer Services Limited and its involvement in corporate fraud leading to one of India’s largest white-collar crimes. The Satyam scandal marks as one of India’s biggest corporate scandals where its stakeholders were continually fed misleading financial information from its late chairman Ramalinga Raju. This once promising, global IT company provided its services for some of the largest companies in Australia and the UnitedRead MoreTata Computer Services Ltd.1927 Words   |  8 Pagesemerging tech market, Rama Raju and Ramalinga Raju, incorporated a private limited company titled Satyam Computer Services Ltd., on June 24th 1987. Embarking off on a business venture, with just 20 employees, the Raju brothers begin selling software development and consultancy services to large corporations. Located in Hyderabad, India, which is the state capital of Telangana and a beehive for technology, Sat yam begin offering strategy consulting right through to implementing IT solutions, for industriesRead MoreComputer Services Scandal And The Media Scandal Essay1244 Words   |  5 PagesOne day while enjoying Sunday morning, I have been reading a newspaper mean while my focus goes on a major news about Mr.Ramalinga Raju sent to jail and fine imposed 7 Crore on him then I was curious to know about the famous Satyam scam also known as Computer Services  scandal, and   quot;India#39;s Enronquot;(Enron was a US based company which was inflicted with a similar accounting fraud)the news grab by attraction I was eagerly starts reading that news and I was completely shocked after readingRead MoreEthics in International Business842 Words   |  3 Pages2013) A more recent, and similar, scandal is the Satyam scandal of 2009. Satyam Computer Services revealed that it had engaged in fraudulent accounting practices. Satyam was an Indian company that provided outsourcing services to over a third of the Fortune 500 companies. They were engaged in business at the global level, their actions affected many companies and many people. The irony is that Satyam was viewed as a firm with excellent corporate governance. Satyam was given an award in 2008 by the

Concepts of Developmental Psychology Free Essays

General adaptation syndrome (GAS) and its stages (think of real-world examples) 8. Lazarus’ primary and secondary appraisal (think of real-world examples) 9. Problem-focused and emotion-focused coping (think of real-world examples) 1 1 . We will write a custom essay sample on Concepts of Developmental Psychology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Type A and Type B behavior pattern 12. Optimism 13. Sexually transmitted diseases CHAPTER 11 STUDY GUIDE (Define,’describe all terms) 1. Personality 2. Sigmund Freud and his emphasis on unconscious forces 3. Unconscious, preconscious, conscious 4. ‘d, ego, superego – what they are and what â€Å"principle† the operate with 5. Defense mechanisms – list and define 6. Psychosocial stages of development (see chart on page. 358) Know how to apply these! 7. Alfred Idler’s individual psychology . Inferiority complex 9. Conditions of worth 10. Characteristics of self-actualization individuals 11. Unconditional positive regard 12. Trait theories 13. Cardinal and central traits 14. Raymond Chattel’s source traits 15. Five-factor model 16. Extroversion and introversion 17. Reciprocal determinism 18. External and internal locus of control Please reproduce the pyramid and label the levels representing Mascots Hierarchy of Needs. The five questions that help determine whether behavior is abnormal 2. Definition of psychological disorder . Cognitive perspective 4. The category of disorders that is most prevalent in the U. S. 5. Panic disorder 6. Generalized anxiety disorder 7. Social phobia 8. Obsession 9. Compulsion 10. Major depressive disorder 11. Bipolar disorder 13. Risk factors for suicide 14. Psychosis 15. Schizophrenia 16. Delusion 17. Paranoid schizophrenia 18. Dissociation disorders (remember, this is NOT THE SAME THING as schizophrenia) 19. Dissociation identity disorder 20. Antisocial personality disorder (Define,’describe all terms) 1. Insight therapy 2. Psychodrama therapy 3. Techniques used in psychoanalysis 4. Carl Rogers, humanism, and person-centered therapy 5. Humanistic therapy 6. Person-centered therapy 7. Types of relationship therapies 8. Behavioral therapy 9. Time out 10. Factors that increase the effectiveness of time out 1 1 . Systematic desensitizing 12. Flooding 13. Exposure and response prevention 14. Aversion therapy 15. Participant modeling and Bandanna’s observational learning theory 16. How to cite Concepts of Developmental Psychology, Papers

Flow Foundations Of Positive Psychology - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: What Are The Limitations Of Cloud Computing? What Are The Negative Impacts Of Cloud Computing In A Business Organization? Is Cloud Computing Secure Enough For An Organisation? What Are The Possible Threats Of Using Cloud Computing In A Business Organization? Is The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Cloud Computing Industry Specific? What Approaches Of Using Cloud Computing Are Incompetent For Generating Profit? How The Services Of Cloud Computing Can Be Improved? Answers: Introduction The business research is conducted for analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the cloud computing that is being used by the business organization in Australia. The cloud computing has revolutionized the way business functions and even managed business applications, computer software and servers to deliver computing resources through use of internet. The internet is enabled for managing the cloud computing and has created better scopes and opportunities for providing computer processing resources and servers to other computer systems based on the needs and requirements (Baskerville and Wood-Harper 2016). One of the major advantages brought up with the implementation of cloud computing system is the accessibility to various kinds of computer applications and programs with the help of internet. The other advantages include reduction of operational costs, on-site hosting of price for deploying the computer applications in the cloud and management of physical resources properly as well . Project Objective To identify the probable ways by which data and information can be stored and processed on a private cloud. To evaluate the impact created by using the cloud computing by the retail organizations in Australia. To assess the various ways or approaches that are required to undermine the cloud computing system and prevent issues related to data security and accessibility To recommend necessary measures for improving the effectiveness of cloud computing system implemented by the retail organizations in Australia Project Scope The scope of the project is enough to find out the various ways by which cloud computing can be done along with the benefits obtained from it. It can be seen that cloud computing provides better services for managing the fluctuating bandwidths and manage the remote servers properly. Cloud computing helps in managing disaster recovery as well as manages automatic software updates to keep the computer system secure and free from any kinds of viruses and malwares (Bryman and Bell 2015). The files that are stored on databases can be accessed from anywhere with the use of internet connection. In spite of the benefits, cloud computing has several drawbacks too like additional charges for managing bandwidths, not being able to access data in case on no internet connection, sharing and exchange of private data may not be possible when required and lack of ability to manipulate files and data locally (Bykztrk 2017). Cloud computing The cloud computing enables storage for data and information that can be maintained, managed and backed up even, thereby allow the users of services to store files online in a secured manner as well as gain accessibility to those from anywhere over the world by using internet. With the advancement in technology and communication, business management organizations need to sustain properly and for that it is important to manage storage of data, maintain good system architecture, enable autonomic computing system and ensure that all information are properly stored and accessed (Collis and Hussey 2013). The servers of networks are used that are hosted on the internet for handling data storage, accessibility and processing rather than using a local server or personal computer system. Advantages of cloud computing The major benefits of using the cloud computing are improving the technological infrastructures to expand flexibility and reduce the costs of expenses incurred while managing the cloud computing system. The cloud computing system is location independent, because of which, the users can access data from anywhere just by utilizing the internet facility. The businesses can follow a centralized approach that can reduce the cost of operations and overhead as well as increase the effectiveness of systems with ease and effectiveness (Csikszentmihalyi and Larson 2014). There are better scopes for managing disaster recovery and the security measures have improved as well. Cloud computing system enables self-service provisioning that allows the end users to compute the resources and manage workload according to the demands. The businesses can easily scale up with the increase in needs of computing whereas the scaling down happens when the demands are decreased (Marshall et al. 2013). The users could pay for the resources and workloads used by them, which further could result in avoiding the necessity to make investments. Disadvantages of cloud computing Few disadvantages of using the cloud computing are that lack of usability and convenience, poor bandwidth, etc. If data and information are transferred from the local storage device to the cloud storage, then it would be permanently moved and it could not be retained in the original folder where it was found earlier. The cloud storage devices have certain limit for bandwidth and in case the organization moves beyond the limitation of bandwidth, then additional charges will be required (McDonald et al. 2013). Thus, business organizations need to look at the bandwidth prior to considering the cloud storage. If there is no internet connection, there is no benefit of cloud computing and data cannot be accessed even. The security of data and information is hampered because sharing and exchange of information and data to other organizations can create complexities for business. All the services must be downloaded on all devices to manage the changes of data and information (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill 2012). The cloud computing has offered extensive services like encryption and decryption along with better management of security of data and information effectively. This could prevent identity thefts as well as loss of important data and information with ease and efficiency. Literature gaps The gaps found in the literature are related to the articles and documents that are not authenticated and validated, due to which the research has taken some additional time for completion. The articles and documents consisting of relevant data and information must be assessed again to determine the negative outcomes that might be generated as well as accomplish the research in much more details (Schaufeli, Maslach and Marek 2017). Research Hypothesis H0: The cloud computing used within the Australian retail sector has created some major issues while accessing data and information H1: The use of cloud computing system has improved the efficiency of business processes by managing servers, accessing and storing data with better flexibility. Research Question Research questions are the backbone of the research on which it is carried out. It is impossible to carry out research in any discipline without formulating proper research question. The questions are identified through the literature review, where the gap is identified to find out the scope where additional research is needed. The research questions are broadly divided into two categories that are primary and secondary. The primary research question focuses on the detail that needs to be answered, whereas the secondary questions are formed to obtain the answers for the primary question. Both the primary and secondary research questions helps the researcher to direct the research in a particular direction. Research Design and Methodology In this part of the research proposal, the discussion is based on different methodsa and designs that will work as a vessel to carry out the entire research. According to Baskerville and Wood-Harper (2016), research methodology and design is the framework of any research, which is associated with a set of paradigm assumption, and this assumption will conduct the research. Henceforth, it is necessary to identify the methods that are essential for the success of the research (Baskerville and Wood-Harper 2016;Bryman and Bell 2015). The research methods are broadly divided into two categories that are qualitative and quantitative research method. Qualitative methods are used to collect the qualitative data. This type of data can not be quantified or put in number. The analysis are done by its quality not quantity. On the other hand, quantitative methods are used to collect the measurable numeric data. There are various methods used in data collection. Some of them are specific to one cat egory and some of them are used in both the methods (Bryman and Bell 2015). This particular research will incorporate some specific data collection method that will be fruitful and provide significant data. They are as follows. Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research Both of these can be used in both the researches. The process of selecting the target population on which the study will be conducted is called sampling. The process marks out of segments a small portion of a larger population. It identifies the part of the larger mass that is potential to provide accurate data on the research. It is done in the initial part of the research (Collis and Hussey 2013). On the other hand, sample size is the number of the number of a sample on which the research is likely to be conducted. (Marshall et al. 2013) Data Collection Method The data collection method can be further divided into two types Primary data collection method and secondary data collection method. If the data is collected from the primary sources such as from the organization CEO, employee who are directly related to the organization, it is primary data collection method. Whenever the data are collected for secondary sources such as literature, it is referred as secondary data dollection method (Saunders, Lewisand Thornhill 2012). Reliability and Validity Csikszentmihalyi and Larson (2014) points out that when a particular instrument is used multiple times on the same topic in order to get similar topic, it is called reliability. It is for verifying the authenticity of the data. Validity of the other hand is the mandatory requirement for all types of research (McDonald et al. 2013). Research Instrument Research instruments are the tools used for collecting data. Various research instruments will be utilize in this research such as questionnaire, interview, observation, and reading (Schaufeli, Maslach and Marek 2017). Quantitative Data Analysis Process These are the numeric data collected using a range of methods and instruments. The management of cleaning and coding has been done to present the data in a detailed manner based on proper analysis and interpretation. All these are important concepts of the quantitative data analysis (Bykztrk 2017). Interview and Questionnaire Design One of the most important method used in this particular research is the interview and questionnaire method. When the researcher directly interacts with the informant and indulges in a question answer process for obtaining information, it is called interview. Both open ended or closed ended questions are asked in this particular process for accessing particular information. Questionnaire on the other hand is also a type of interview where the subject is provided with a set of questions. S/he has to reply to the questions in yes and no format. These two methods are important in organizational research where primary authentic data is necessary (Willis 2015). Research Limitation Every research has a limitation and it cannot address everything related to the topic. Too much data can sometimes spoil the research. The researcher himself sets some limitations whereas; some are imposed by the external factors. Time is an important external factor that sets limit for the research. Only a limited amount of data is possible to collect and analyzed in a particular timeframe. On the other hand, limitation set by the researcher is important to focus on a particular aspect of the study. Objectives of the research plays crucial role in setting limits as the research focuses in meeting the particular objectives(Veld-Merkoulova and Viteva 2016). Time Schedule (Research Plan) The research will be carried out over 2 year relying on both primary and secondary data. The secondary data includes the articles, journals, reviewed articles etc. On the other hand, the primary data are the data collected through interview method and questioner design. In both the cases, both qualitative researches and quantitative research will be carried out for collecting the data. The time schedule specifies particular timing and order to carry out the research successfully (Collis and Hussey 2013). It can also be refer as research plan, which specifies the topic, background, objective, methods, data, and analysis of the data and the timing and order it needs to be conducted. Main activities/ stages Month Jan 2016 Month Jun 2016 Month Dec 2016 Month Jan 2017 Month Jun 2017 Month Dec 2017 Selection of topic Collecting data from secondary sources Constructing the research layout Literature review Development of research Plan Selection of Appropriate Research Techniques Primary data collection Analysis Interpretation of Data which are collected Conclusion Development of Draft Final Work submission Conclusion Various researches conducted on the cloud computing demonstrates potential advantages and approaches of using the service in a business settings. The impacts of incorporating cloud computing in a business organization have been identified. However, there are only limited researches that focus on the disadvantages and limitations of cloud computing in business organizations in different industries. It is important to identify the limitations, disadvantages and negative impacts of the services to improve the service and extract the maximum profit out of it. Moreover, the possible threats of using cloud computing and the vulnerability of the system are the important area of research to make necessary innovation in the service. The confidential data of the business organizations needs absolute protection from the external threat. Therefore, understanding the negatives will throw lights in the areas that require development. The proposed questions mentioned in the proposal are capable of addressing these problems. The methodology and design of the research discussed in the report are essential to carry out the research in a favorable structure. However, there are some limitations of the research due to the limited time and access. Hence, the research will be carried out in the given boundaries. Reference List Baskerville, R.L. and Wood-Harper, A.T., 2016. A critical perspective on action research as a method for information systems research. InEnacting Research Methods in Information Systems: Volume 2(pp. 169-190). Springer International Publishing. Bryman, A. and Bell, E. 2015, Business Research Methods, (Fourth Edition), UK, Oxford University Press. Bykztrk, ?., 2017. Sosyalbilimleriinverianalizi el kitab?.PegemAt?f?ndeksi, pp.1-213. Collis, J. and Hussey, R., 2013.Business research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Palgrave macmillan.Saks, M. and Allsop, J. eds., 2012. Researching health: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods. Sage. Csikszentmihalyi, M. and Larson, R., 2014. Validity and reliability of the experience-sampling method. InFlow and the foundations of positive psychology (pp. 35-54). Springer Netherlands. Marshall, B., Cardon, P., Poddar, A. and Fontenot, R., 2013. Does sample size matter in qualitative research?: A review of qualitative interviews in IS research.Journal of Computer Information Systems,54(1), pp.11-22. McDonald, C.M., Henricson, E.K., Abresch, R.T., Florence, J., Eagle, M., Gappmaier, E., Glanzman, A.M., Spiegel, R., Barth, J., Elfring, G. and Reha, A., 2013. The 6?minute walk test and other clinical endpoints in duchenne muscular dystrophy: Reliability, concurrent validity, and minimal clinically important differences from a multicenter study.Muscle nerve,48(3), pp.357-368. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. 2012. Research Methods for Business Students 6thedition, Pearson Education Limitedf. Schaufeli, W.B., Maslach, C. and Marek, T. eds., 2017.Professional burnout: Recent developments in theory and research. Taylor Francis. Veld-Merkoulova, Y. and Viteva, S., 2016. Conclusions, Limitations and Future Research. InCarbon Finance (pp. 129-131). Springer International Publishing. Willis, G.B., 2015.Analysis of the cognitive interview in questionnaire design. Oxford University Pres

Movie Review In the Womb Essay Example

Movie Review: In the Womb Essay A must see movie for future parents! Experience  the life before birth, The formation, a step by step in a film that have not been seen like him. In the womb, was produced for National Geographic Channel . Its includes  features in advanced technology, simulations that have been  generated by ultrasound photography in four dimensions. Before it takes its first breath, a human baby has been through an incredible transformation from a single cell to a complex, self-sustaining organism.Watch this amazing process in real time inside the womb. Recommendation + personal experience I remember that moment I realized that my wifes stomach size is what supposed to be my child, with Gods help,  I studied this film, explaining   me something that is very difficult for me personally to understand: how our body produces live? How does it work? If you think that I got it after seeing the film and that I  understood all of these scientific facts, then youre wrong, its still seems like a crazy miracle that happens one after the other in the all wide World.I strongly recommend everyone to see that   movie, it shows the very little detailsof the process  and even shows us the fetus  in  a verity of positions, moves, making faces, etc that we cant see without that film. you will enjoy it. Source:  http://www. shvoong. com/exact-sciences/2000143-womb/#ixzz2cqvNjWSF Maybe this has already been talked about and I missed it, but I thought I would let all of you ladies know about a National Geographic special my husband recorded for me to watch called In the Womb. I HIGHLY recommend the film.Its a fairly new documentary about how babies develop and its quite interesting. I thought I would do a little review for you all since some of you are midwives and others are looking for informational videos. There are good and bad things about the documentary, but the end made me so very, VERY happy that Ive forgiven the film all of its faults. Con: The intro is of a woman in labor screaming bloody murder like they do in the movies while giving birth. Youll forgive this later, however. Read on. Con: I kinda almost fell asleep at the beginning when they were covering conception.It was stuff weve all heard a million times in school, so it was pretty redundant. Get to the babies already! Pro: Some of the computer graphics and filming was really amazing. They use all new footage, no recycled stuff from other documentaries. Con: Sometimes the film would state some fact and then not back it up in any way, so youd be left wondering gee, thats new. Where on earth did they get THAT? For example, during one part, they said that a woman is more likely to have a miscarriage if she experiences stress, has an immune disorder, or if she has previously given birth to a boy.Now, Ive had three miscarriages, so Ive read tons of information about it and never have I heard that giving birth to a boy makes you more likely to have a miscarriage. I thought wow, really? Wher ed they hear that? but they just went on to the next subject without explaining. Con: 99% of the babies in the film are not real they are either rubber models (which look absolutely fantastically realistic, by the way) or these super creepy alien-looking computer generated babies that totally freaked me out. They were a bit disturbing looking.Con: They stressed the value of ultrasound in the video and Im personally against it, but it doesnt lose a lot of points with me because a lot of women are pro ultrasound. Pro: They did mention that ultrasound might be harmful, though it is not known to cause problems in babies. They also mentioned that while we cant hear ultrasound, babies CAN because it creates an echo inside the water-filled uterus. They explained that babies run from it because it is extremely loud somewhat like standing next to a subway train. Pro: They provided TONS of the most amazing 4D footage of babies Ive ever seen.They had videos of babies only weeks old in the w omb yawning, playing with their noses and feet, and twins interacting with each other. I cried at parts. Pro: Aside from a brief (and very low-key) clip where a doctor does a minor surgery on an unborn fetus along with a few short clips of doctors performing ultrasound, there were NO HOSPITAL SCENES or doctors in the film. Woot! The best part ever: The film follows only one mother through her pregnancy and ends with her giving birth. I grumbled my way through a few mildly irritating parts of the film, but whe I reached the end, I got a rather shocking surprise.When its time for the mother to give birth, you see her standing yes standing next to a bed in a birthing center giving birth. There is not one doctor in the room or a machine beeping of any kind, only the woman, her midwife, the cameraman, and the husband. There are no bright lights and its very quiet except for the womans screams. Then, to my utter delight, the narrator informs the viewers that standing or squatting are th e best positions in which to give birth and that it is better and more comfortable for the mother than laying on her back.I wish every reader could have been there with me as I whooped and hollered and punched my fists in the air in delight! Imagine a mainstream documentary saying something like that! The baby is immediately handed to the mother through her legs and she sits on the bed with her newborn, a smile plastered on her delighted face. No one takes her baby away. The midwife waits to cut the cord and then the mother is seen breastfeeding. WAY TO GO NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC!! So yes, any midwives out there who are looking for a good educational video, Id have to say that this is the one.Its not about birth, its about development, but its the best Ive seen so far and its SO ultra pro-natural birth. ETA: SORRY! The Youtube link seems to have been taken down. Ill keep an eye out for any other sites hosting the full video   -Amber National Geographic Channels In the Womb by Inbar Ma ayan  Keywords:  Human development,  Movies,  Fetus Written, produced, and directed by Toby Mcdonald, the 2005 National Geographic Channel film  In the Womb  uses the most recent technology to provide an intricate glimpse into the prenatal world.The technologies used, which include advanced photography, computer graphics, and 4-D  ultrasound  imaging, help to realistically illustrate the process of development and to answer questions about the rarely seen development of a human being. The following description of the images and narrative of the film captures the major points of  In the Womb, and of embryonic and fetal development, as they are seen at the outset of the twenty-first century, depicted in only 100 minutes. In the Womb  opens with a glimpse of the mature  fetus  moments before she is ready to emerge into the outside world.The narrator explains that at this final stage, she is equipped with all of the faculties necessary for full function outside t he  womb. The main focus of the film, however, is the journey leading up to these final moments, a journey that begins with just a single cell. This journey is viewed intermittently throughout the film using 3-D and 4-D  ultrasound  scanning techniques which show the baby moving. 4-D refers to a string of 3-D images taken in real time (time is the fourth dimension), thus creating a movie of in utero events.In addition, the process is simulated by computer imaging based on observations, giving a vivid portrayal of embryonic and fetal development. The developmental narrative begins with millions of swimming  sperm, and an explanation of their unique purpose—carrying the father’s genetic information to the moment of  conception. The  sperm  are produced in a man’s  testes, and their quality depends on his lifestyle choices; they tend to be damaged by the consumption of various drugs and by heat, and stimulated by the consumption of coffee.A singlesp erm  is filmed swimming across a black landscape, which accentuates the rapid, intricate movements of its tail. The tail’s flexibility allows the  sperm  to progress approximately a tenth of an inch per minute. Millions of  sperm  are filmed as they appear in the  vagina, many of them dead on their sides, with the vast crowd in the middle swimming toward the  uterus, the  fallopian tubes, and the  egg, which looks like a moon-like orb nestled among its protective agents. This  egg, like all her others, was formed during the mother’s own time in the  womb  and has resided in her body ever since.The film suggests that in order to find the  egg, the  sperm  Ã¢â‚¬Å"sniff it out† using their figurative sense of smell. A graphical simulation shows the  sperm  traveling toward the awaiting  egg, and one of them penetrating its outer layer. The bigger picture, in which the rest of the  spermare permanently shut out upon  fertilizat ion, is filmed. Another graphical simulation follows, illustrating the fusion of the father’s and the mother’s genetic material at the moment of  conception. The narrator notes that this particular genetic combination has never before existed, and will never be duplicated in another human being.DNA, which carries the organism’s genetic information and is bundled in the chromosomes, is depicted as a long, energetic helix that carries the more than 20,000  genes  that make up an average human. These  genes  are responsible for various characteristics and are determined by parental contributions. They are absolutely crucial to the development of new life. The various physical effects of genetic information are illustrated in the display of various shapes of eyes, noses, hair, and other features.The great variability of genetic effects on appearance is depicted by the morphing of a face to show a variety of characteristics, both male and female. It is note d, however, that while the parents contribute equal amounts of genetic information, it is the DNA from the  sperm  that determines the child’s sex, via its twenty-third chromosome, which is either an X or a Y. The  genes  contributed by the parents largely predetermine the child’s appearance and much of the child’s personality and predisposition for certain diseases.After the illustration and explanation of  fertilization, a description of the fertilized egg’s journey toward the  uterus  is accompanied by film footage of the process. As it sails along the fallopian tube on the first day of its journey, the single cell divides into two identical cells. Cell division continues and by the fifth day, the resulting ball of cells is made up of about 100 cells and is called a  blastocyst. At this stage, theblastocyst  will split into two groups of cells: the outer layer prepares to become the  placenta,  umbilical cord  and fetal membrane s, and the inner layer prepares to become the embryo itself.The cells making up the inner part of the  blastula  are  stem cells, and have the ability to differentiate into all of the different types of cells that make up the human body. One week after  fertilization, the  blastula  reaches theuterus, where it will start to develop into a new human being. Three weeks into  gestation,  In the Womb  simulates the embryo folding inward and elongating as the basic body plan is determined. An actual embryo at this stage is shown and a basic spine is visible.The top of the embryo, destined to become the head and brain, is indicated; this region has already begun to generate  nerve cells  by the fifteenth day of the  pregnancy. These  nerve cells  will proliferate and eventually become the brain and the  central nervous system. The heart forms soon after this, and twenty-two days after  conception, begins to beat. This movement is initiated by a single heart cell which begins to beat and induces the cells around it to beat to the same rhythm. Close-up filming shows this pulse as heart cells proliferate and the organ continues to form.With the formation of the heart come thin veins and early blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients; the blood in these veins moves to the beat of the heart. During the early stages of development the heart beats relatively independently, though its function will later be carefully regulated by the brain. By the time the embryo is four weeks old, preliminary eyes have appeared on her head. These look like dark spots on a pale landscape of surrounding tissue on which the early contours of the forehead, nose, mouth, and other parts of the mature face can be seen.In addition, arm and leg buds emerge. The narrator mentions that even though thirty days have passed since  conception, the embryo is almost indistinguishable from the embryos of other mammals. The changes taking place in the em bryo’s  morphology  over the following few weeks are shown through film progression. The face plates move in to better define facial features, arms and legs continue to take shape, and the head becomes more clearly defined. At six weeks, the embryo is about an inch long, has a firmly rooted and visible  umbilical cord, and the outline of her fingers can be distinguished as well.The eyes have developed by leaps and bounds, although they are not yet concealed by eyelids. The nostrils are now visible, wide-set beneath the eyes on a head that is giant in relation to the size of the body. By the end of eight weeks of  gestation, the embryo is called afetus  and is no longer dependent on the  yolk  sac that nourished it during the  embryonic stage of development. The  yolk  sac, a balloon-like structure of tissue with visible veins, vanishes at this point and the  fetus  becomes solely dependent on the  umbilical cord  rooted in theplacenta, and thus on the mother’s blood for nutrition.A close examination of the  placenta  reveals intricate blood vessels transporting the nutrients necessary for the embryo’s growth, while keeping out many of the toxins present in the mother’s own blood. Despite the placenta’s effectiveness, substances like drugs and alcohol cannot be completely be filtered out, and it’s up to the mother to limit her consumption of them. By nine weeks, the nervous system has developed dramatically and starts to allow the  fetus  to move. Although this movement, shown through computer simulation, is not yet connected to the brain, it promotes agility and further growth.After this point, the body will gradually come under the control of the brain. This change also has the effect of regulating heart rate, which may increase to more than 150 beats per minute before cerebral  regulation. A standard  ultrasound  is performed at the Create Health Clinic in London at the concl usion of the first  trimester, and the narrator explains how  ultrasound  waves function to create the image on the screen. While a physician explains the various tests that can be done at this stage of  pregnancy  using  ultrasound, the baby’s heart can be seen contracting and expanding in the moving image.A step beyond standard  ultrasound  is the 4-D scan, which shows the three-dimensional  fetus  moving in real time. This tool allows for even more accurate evaluation of the fetus’s health and development. It shows everything from the  fetus  moving her arms to yawning or playing with her nose. Four-dimensional scans of various babies at different stages of development greatly expand the amount of detail that is visible to the world outside the  womb. The narrator also notes that this first  ultrasound  scan is the first opportunity to ascertain the number of fetuses present in the  womb.Four-dimensional scans also allow us to see the preliminary steps of a baby’s literal first steps. These are manifested in scans of eleven- and twelve-week-old fetuses kicking and pushing off the walls of the  uterus  as they exercise the use of their appendages. This movement is called the stepping reflex, and it is controlled by the fetus’s nervous system. The five weeks leading up to this point, weeks six through eleven, are considered to be the period in which the  fetus  undergoes the most dramatic transformations in its developmental journey.By the end of the eleventh week, all organs have formed, but the  fetus  is still tiny—about three inches long—and thus must grow significantly before it can be  viable. Sex is also determined at this point, and the sex organs produce  hormones  that further regulate the sexual development of the  fetus. Miscarriage beyond this point is far less likely than during the first three months of  pregnancy, since the  fetus  is more stabl e. As time goes on, the  fetus  looks more and more human, and her senses sharpen further.Simulation reveals highly developed hands and the hardening (ossification) of bones beneath the semi-transparent skin. The face looks far more â€Å"human† as well, with the eyes now closer together and the nose and mouth more defined. By this time, the brain controls most of the body–including the heart–through thecentral nervous system. Aside from seeing the heart, a Doppler probe is also used to hear what the fetus’ heart sounds like. It beats at a frantic 146 beats per minute, which the physician indicates is a healthy pace for a  fetus  this age.At four months, she not only has control of her heart rate, but she also begins to respond to physical stimuli and to move around a lot. She has also begun to develop proprioception, which is the awareness of the body’s position in its surroundings. She is shown feeling the sides of the  womb  and gras ping at different parts of her body. Four-dimensional images of twins also reveal how interactive they are with each other; identical twins, however, interact much more than do fraternal twins, who have a membrane separating them.This membrane is also visible with this more detailed scanning tool. Eighteen weeks after  conception, fetal movements become readily detectable to the mother. In addition, the  fetus  starts digesting amniotic fluid as her digestive system begins preparation for the outside world. Another preparation has been revealed by 4-D scans, where thefetus  can be seen practicing the blinking reflex. Soon, she will even have her own fingerprints. At the conclusion of the second  trimester, the  fetus  is fully formed but still needs to experience dramatic growth and to develop her senses.The film states that at this stage, she begins to taste flavors from her mother’s food, and to hear the sounds that surround her cocoon, including the tone and cadence of her mother’s voice. Comfort with her mother’s various sense-inducing habits may even prove conducive to more healthy development once the baby has been born. In the Womb  also notes that, as well as providing a preliminary basis for diagnosis of complications,  ultrasound  scans also promote the development of parental attachment to the yet-unborn child.Ultrasound is thought to enhance the relationship of the child with the parents, both in infancy and later in life. At twenty-four weeks, this relationship could begin prematurely, for it is at this point that a baby could survive outside of the  womb; though still small and underdeveloped, with appropriate intensive care, she could be considered  viable. The greatest complications may arise due to the premature lungs, since the lungs only fully develop near the conclusion of the  pregnancyand are filled with amniotic fluid until breathing begins.The eyes, which have been fully developed since the middle of the  pregnancy, cannot see yet but are adorned with eyelashes by the twenty-fifth week. Babies are usually born with lighter-colored eyes than they will have later; babies of Caucasian descent are often born with blue eyes, while babies of Asian or African descent first have darker brown eyes. These colors will often change or deepen during the first few months of life, as the pigments in the eyes are exposed to light, which is absent in the  womb. In the darkness of the  womb, babies in their final  trimester  spend most of their time sleeping soundly.When they are awake, however, fetuses are often active, practicing their reflexes in response to provocations from outside the  womb. These include the startle reflex, when the  fetus  flings her arms out and over her head, and the swallowing and sucking process, crucial to nutrition outside of the  womb. The latter may be manifested in thumb sucking, which is thought to be strongly correlated with handedn ess during a person’s life. The  placenta  not only conducts oxygen, nutrients, and flavors to the  fetus, but it may also conduct the mother’s mood. The ear or anxiety that a mother might experience cascade through, eventually causing the baby’s heart to beat faster as well. Serious and sustained stress or anxiety have been found to result in stress in the child and a higher risk for stress-related physical and mental health complications. Past twenty-six weeks the  fetus  concentrates almost solely on growth; despite this, serious issues might arise even before birth. In the Womb  shows Dr. Kypros Nicolaides of King’s College Hospital in London diagnosing and performing  in utero  surgery on a  fetus  whose intestines are obstructing lung growth.He performs this delicate surgery with the help of a fetuscope, which allows him to see inside thewomb  and is also used as a tool in the surgery itself. Nicolaides’ technique for tr eating this particular disorder has been met with a 50% increase in the survival rate of his prenatal patients. The last two months of  pregnancy  see the final steps toward a healthy birth. During this time, the  fetus  develops a layer of insulating fat and has even been found to develop consciousness and memory. The  fetus  may remember and respond to familiar sounds such as her mother’s voice or even her parents’ favorite music.If the  fetus  recognizes music, she might even move in rhythm. Fast music has been found to stimulate and excite the  fetus, which seems to be almost dancing in the  womb, while classical music will often have a calming effect. The development of all of these complex functions prior to birth has also led some experts to posit that, developmentally, birth is not as significant as was previously assumed. This is because the brain of a maturing  fetus  is almost identical to that of a newborn. This similarity is particu larly striking considering the sighting of rapid eye movement (REM) in 4-D scans, since these are indicative of dreaming.From thirty-five weeks on, the  fetus  could be fully functional and self-supporting (aside from its need for external nutrition and warmth). The film notes that though it is not yet certain what sets off delivery, the maturation of the lungs may play a key role. When mature, the lungs release a protein that affects the  hormone  production of the  placenta, reducing  progesterone  production and initiating the production of oxytocin, which in turn triggers uterine contractions and inhibition of memory.These are useful when the  cervix  undergoes extreme widening—approximately 10 cm—as it conveys the baby’s large head out into the world. In the Womb  has now gone full-circle, arriving again at the time of delivery. To ease the pain of delivery and risks of complication, the mother in the movie delivers standing up and leani ng forward with her legs spread apart slightly. During this time, the baby releases large quantities of adrenalin, which keeps the heart pumping fast and prepares the lungs to take their first breathes of air. Soon, the baby’s head crowns and is followed by the rest of the body.As soon as the baby has emerged, it starts crying as its lungs fill with oxygen and it is exposed to the light and cold of the outside world. The  placenta, now unnecessary, detaches from the  uterus  and exits the mother’s body through the birth canal. In the Womb  reviews the entire process of the  pregnancy  and highlights the grand achievement that is transformation from a single cell into an entirely new individual. The newly born baby depends on adults for warmth and nutrition, although all other functions rest solely in her tiny hands.

Com 155 Week 7 Assignment Essay Example

Com 155 Week 7 Assignment Essay Example Com 155 Week 7 Assignment Essay Com 155 Week 7 Assignment Essay Write two paragraphs (approximately 200 words) about how interest rates affect our purchasing decisions. Answer: Interest rates is the price that the lender sets for the borrower to pay as a fee to borrow money. Depending on whether or not interest rates are high or low, you may or may not qualify for a specific loan. When interest rates are higher, we as an economy have less money, and most people save for what they want to purchase rather than finance. When interest rates are higher, less people qualify for vehicle and home loans. Very low interest rates tempt more people to get into debt, as more people qualify for the same loans. Overall, most people agree that it is ridiculous to pay outrageous interest rates, understanding that saving and paying cash later is more better. Whenever interest rates go up in the marketplace buy ? percent, it is said that over 100,000 buyers will be eliminated from qualifying for a loan. Interest rate alone controls who, and who does not go into debt. So financing is usually a supply on demand cycle. Home buyers will find that when interest rates are down, value in homes go up, and when interest rates are up, home value either stays the same or go down. It seems like to me that if you work hard on raising your credit score, and you don’t finance what you don’t have too, it would be more profitable to buy a home when others cannot afford to because of inflation. Unfortunately, those who are trapped in the rat-race of credit will suffer more consequences either way around. Those type of people get finance crazy when interest rates are low, and then cannot afford to keep up when they rise.

Environmental Factors Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environmental Factors - Research Paper Example Being a dominant player in the furniture industry, IKEA had assumed its duty of educating and training its workforce so that ethical trade practices and agreements are not ignored. It also educates and trains its supplier base to improve efficiency in operations. Not going by the traditional business practices, IKEA had always tried to differentiate itself through its unique and specific products and its cost leadership. This is achieved through its strategic and collaborative relations with its suppliers who are equivalent partners in profit sharing. It had marketed its products at lesser profit margins in developing and underdeveloped countries that wished to own Western furniture but could not afford. This has made it earn an image of a corporation that believes in equality and possession of products equally. Being a home furnishing brand, IKEA always needed big and spacious locations to arrange for its warehouses and showrooms. As such, it never set up full fledged assembling facilities in any nation. It always went for outsourcing decisions where by the use of skilled and expert people, parts and components were manufactured elsewhere while the assembling task was completed at the destination location. Also it had communicated its product range across nations that match the perceptual structure of the residents. For US citizens, its furniture is stylish and stable, while for China, it is homely and giving a feeling of togetherness. Culture is something that cannot be created. It has to be learned and percolated down to ages. IKEA had been very strategic in weaving a story around itself every time it entered in a new market and aligned its marketing campaign accordingly. It had varied the sensibility of its marketing significantly across varying cultures. For instance, its European advertisements are more straight-forward unlike North-Americans, which are more witty. Cultural differences also arise

Managment Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managment Accounting - Essay Example It can be viewed that the business models adopted in the visual arts sector in the nation are relatively inefficient due to inadequate financial support. In this regard, almost every visual arts sector is seemed to be undercapitalized. The arts sector is facing ample challenges to retain a sustainable performance in this competitive business environment. In this context, the major challenges that face by arts sector in England include cultural aspects, free entry strategy and inability in tackling factors that are accountable for under performance. The sector has been facing the aforementioned challenges mainly due to limited investment of funds and inappropriate allocation of financial resources (Royce, 2011). In relation to the arts sector of England, it can be viewed there is a lack of income which is generated from the entry tickets due to the provisions of free entry. Free entry of visitors in relation to this sector is often regarded as a blessing for public, but this practical implication has led towards inadequate public funding. In this respect, these organisations are more inclined towards incompetency and inefficient performance in the present competitive business environment. Consequently, inadequate availability of public funding has restricted the organisations associated with arts sector in allocating funds for development, maintenance and repair. It can be affirmed that the implication of free entry will be effective in attracting a huge number of customers, but will not facilitate the organisations to obtain adequate funds for complying with future requirements and making greater development. Respectively, the organisations, with inadequate revenues will be unable to meet the requirements of the business costs. Moreover, the... This paper descusses from the above discussion, it can be affirmed that the present business scenario is incessantly changing due to gaining momentum of globalisation and prevalence of extreme business market competition. In this changing business market conditions, organisations are required to develop appropriate strategies and plans in order to maintain sustainable growth and performance. The arts sector in England is surrounded with certain threats that include operational inefficiency and ineffective allocation of financial resources within the context of competitive business environment. In this regard, this sector should adopt efficient business models with the objectives of performing in a sustainable way. In relation to the arts sector of England, it can be viewed there is a lack of income which is generated from the entry tickets due to the provisions of free entry. Free entry of visitors in relation to this sector is often regarded as a blessing for public, but this practical implication has led towards inadequate public funding. In this respect, these organisations are more inclined towards incompetency and inefficient performance in the present competitive business environment. This report makes a conclusion that management accounting is often viewed to be an important business tool which helps organisations in making better decisions and suitably maintaining financial resources at large. Specially mentioning, the statement of Royce can be identified to hold positive viewpoints about the formation of efficient business models for better management of the arts sector. On the other hand, Taylor holds opposing viewpoints about the need of forming effective business models, as this might increase the complexity of business operations and procedures by a certain degree.

Using an example from the leisure industry, e.g. airline travel, to Essay

Using an example from the leisure industry, e.g. airline travel, to what extent will a high degree of competition in a market result in lower prices for the consumers - Essay Example With such competitions, especially healthy ones, the businesses are forced to jointly manipulate their products’ and services’ prices in order to cope up with the market forces and customer demands (Peter, 1987, p. 57). The end results of such healthy competitions is lowering of commodity or service’s prices, which is a great advantage to the end consumers. This paper will thereby analyse the trends within the entire leisure industry, but narrow down to give a close attention to the airline travel business (Wilkerson, 2003, p. 46), and the market competitions that result to the lowering of prices. With regards to recreation as a business segment within leisure industry, humans tend to spend much of their time in activities of daily work, living, social duties, sleep, and leisure as a whole (Thomas,1970, p. 16). The later outcome being free from aforementioned commitments of social or physiologic needs, which are recreational prerequisites. According to Klaus & Christine (2004, p. 92), leisure increases with increase in longevity, as many people spend more hours on physical and economic survival. Other aspects accounting for the increasing role of recreation within the society include population trends, affluence, as well as the increasing commercialization of leisure activities and offerings (Thomas,1970, p. 19). While several people’s perception is that leisure is simply a spare time or unconsumed time left by the living necessities (McLean& Rogers, 2005, p. 201), most scholars hold that leisure is a strong force that pushes individuals to reconsider and reflect on th e realities and values missed in daily life activities. Thus, recreation or leisure remains the most essential element of individual’s development, as well as civilization (Thomas,1970, p. 21). Another segment of leisure is entertainment, which is a form of activity performed to hold the attention and interest of a target audience, or in simple terms, to give delight and

Comparison of Weber and Durkheim

Comparison of Weber and Durkheim Anomie and forced division of labour for Durkheim and rationalization and bureaucracy for Weber summed up the problem of industrial societies. Discuss. Introduction Emile Durkheim Max Weber Conclusion Bibliography Introduction Anomie represents a concept that was introduced by Emile Durkheim (1997, pp. 303-304) in â€Å"The Division of Labor in Society†, which was first printed in 1893. Durkheim (1997, pp. 303-304) utilized the word to describe the deregulation of society whereby the rules representing how people should behave with respect to their interaction with each other was breaking down thus creating confusion as to what in what others expected from one another. In said book, Durkheim (1997, p. 184) advises that that term is where the moral and social norms are not clear, and the removal of behavioural limits represented a path to deviant behaviour. Durkheim is credited with turning sociology into a science as well as its installation as part of the academic curriculum on France, and is considered by many to be the father of sociology (emile-durkheim.com, 2006). Max Weber (cepa.newschool.edu, 2007) is also recognized as one of the founders of sociology. He advises us on many instances that in the world of modernity, that the gods have deserted us (Turner, 1993, pp. 115-117). As Durkheim focused upon a set of social features that represented the subject of sociology, Weber essentially is considered as defining sociology (Marxists Internet Archive, 1999). This exercise shall delve into concepts and terms with respect to how anomie and forced division of labour under Durkheim, and rationalization and bureaucracy for Weber summed up the problem of industrial societies. Durkheim In defining sociology as an academic subject, Durkheim separated sociology from psychology, philosophy as well as economics and other disciplines through stating that sociologists study features of group life (About Sociology, 2007). Durkheim defines solidarity as representing the cohesion of society’s human groupings into social unity, which can consist of mechanical as well as organic (Durkheim, 1997, p. 13-14). Mechanical solidarity represents a condition whereby the individuals within a society are linked via a ‘conscience collective’ (Durkheim, 1997, pp. 61-65). The preceding represents a condition whereby the belief systems and the sentiments that are common in the citizens within the same society (Durkheim, 1997, pp. 31-33). Thus, the individuals within the society are connected, or linked to each other as a result of their common beliefs, thereby belonging to society as opposed to belonging to themselves (Durkheim, 1997, pp. 31-33). A horde is what Durkhei m (1997, pp. 126-127) termed a group or collection of people whereby their cohesiveness is founded in resemblances. Such a group, horde, has no organization or form, and within this group the collective membership look upon each other as kin, whether or not such a relationship exists by blood or union (Durkheim, 1997, pp. 126-127). Within such a group, horde, punishments and responsibility are collective in action and nature and represent the more primitive, or non evolved societal types whereby individual personalities are submerged in the collectivity of the group (Durkheim, 1997, pp. 126-127). As individuals come to rely upon others, outside of themselves for various aspects of life, they have, or are moving towards an organic solidarity (Durkheim, 1997, pp. 69-71). People become and are reliant upon each other whereby individuals have parts to contribute to society as a part of the whole, whereby responsibility to others is a trait as well as moral character (Durkheim, 1997, p. 77). The foregoing is important in understanding the interactions within society that he termed as the moral density (Durkheim, 1997, p. 201). The preceding, moral density is proportionately linked to the division of labor within a society (Turner, 1993, p. 3). Moral density represents an important factor in understanding what causes increased division of labor. Durkheim’s (1993, pp. 113) believes in this revolved around two facets that he thought were responsible for the preceding, material density and social volume. The former, Durkheim states is (Turner, 1993, p. 113): â€Å"Social life is based on a substratum whose size and form alike are determined. It is made up of the mass of individuals that constitute society, the manner of their geographical distribution and the nature and configuration of the whole range of phenomena that affect collective relations. The social substratum varies in relation to the size or density of the population, to whether it is concentrated in towns or scattered in rural areas, to the layout of the towns and houses, to whether the space occupied by the society concerned is large or small, to the kind of frontiers by which it is bounded, to the transport links which run the length and breadth of it, etc, On the other hand, the makeup of this substratum directly or indirectly affects all social phenomena, in the same way as all psychic phenomena are in mediate or immediate relation to the state of the brain. So these are all problems that are patently concerned with sociology and which, as they all refer to the same obj ect, must be part of one science. It is this science we propose to call social morphology.† Social volume, Durkheim states is (Turner, 1993, p. 116): â€Å"†¦as the various elements constituting the group grow more numerous, yet without at the same time ceasing to be closely connected, individuals can only hold their own if they become differentiated, if each chooses a task and a lifestyle of his own in this enlarged battlefield, where the intensity of the struggle grows in keeping with the number of the combatants. The division of labor thus becomes the primary condition of social equilibrium. And indeed, this simultaneous increase in the volume and density of societies is the major new element distinguishing the nations of today from those of former times; this is probably one of the principal factors dominating history as a whole; at any rate, it is the cause which explains the transformations which social solidarity has undergone.† Durkheim (Turner, 1993, pp. 98-99) brings together the facets of anomie, organic solidarity and â€Å"the abnormal forms of the division of labor† through â€Å"distinguished three pathological forms: the anomic, the enforced division of labor, and ‘another abnormal form’, which might be termed lack of internal organizational coordination†. With respect to the foregoing anomie â€Å"is expressed in economic crises, the antagonism between capital and labor, and anarchy in science, arises at times of rapid change, during which new organs and functions develop without a corresponding development of rules of cooperation and therefore of social ties† (Turner, 1993, p. 98). Anomie, represents the rapid as well as radical change in social conditions that presents itself as â€Å"the lack of regulation or deregulation† Turner, 1993, p. 98). Durkheim (Turner, 1993, p. 98) explains that the foregoing does not represent a â€Å"fundamental crisis of the system, but rather a crisis of adaptation, and continuous contact will eventually produce new rules and a new functional equilibrium between the divided functions, thus assuring social integration†. Whereas â€Å"anomie can be eliminated by the gradual development of new rules, in the case of the enforced division of labor it is ‘these very rules themselves which are the cause of the ills† (Turner, 1993, p. 98). The preceding represents when the rules and underpinnings of society are not responsive to the underlying changes in the fabric of society, and thus the established order is retained by force (Turner, 1993, p. 98). This represents the abnormal form of the division of labor that is representative of privileged positions being held by birth and social standing as opposed to abilities and talents Turner, 1993, p. 99). The condition, asserts can be alleviated through the adoption of â€Å"formal equality of opportunity †¦Ã¢â‚¬  as well as â€Å"†¦ freedom to choose a profession† (Durkheim Turner, 1993, p. 99). Max Weber Breiner (1996, p. 26) advises that the critics of Weber’s approach to social science have issues with his reduction of â€Å"all socially interpreted activity to instrumental rationality†. Those who interpret him in a sympathetic manner see â€Å"his focus on the interpretation of the meaningful conduct of social agents a strong argument in favor of the subservience of explanation to the rules or everyday understandings under which actions are intelligible† (Breiner, 1996, p. 26). Turner (1993, p. 4) advises us to be circumspect with regard to Weber’s approach to modernism and rationalization as â€Å"he remained highly ambiguous about the content and consequences† with regard to the foregoing. The preceding, Turner (1993, p. 5) states that the preceding is a result of â€Å"Weber’s ambiguities over capitalism were also expressed in his ambivalent attitudes to socialism as a rational planning of the market†. He, Weber, argues that â₠¬Å"socialism was another step in the growth of rational management of resources; socialism represented a further development of the second serfdom—to calculation, planning, and instrumental rationalism† (Turner, 1993, p. 5). Turner (1993, p. 5) further informs us that â€Å"main issue in Weber’s political sociology is the absence of any analysis of the processes of democratization, about which Weber remained skeptical, if not dismissive†. He (Turner, 1993, p. 5) supports the preceding in stating that â€Å"In this respect, Weber was significantly influenced by Robert Michels’s theory of ‘the iron law of oligarchy’, which suggested that all mass-party organization would come to depend on an elite†. To further understand Weber’s meaning, before we delve into the preceding further, we must understand vocational politics, which represents a vocation, stating that â€Å"For everything that is striven for through political action, operating with violent means and following an ethic of responsibility, endangers the salvation of the soul† (Breiner, 1996, p. 6). Weber continues: â€Å"If, however, one chases after the ultimate good in a war of beliefs, following a pure ethic of absolute ends, then the goals may be damaged and discredited for generations, because responsibility for the consequences are lacking and those diabolic forces which enter into play remain unknown to the actor. These [forces] are inexorable and produce consequences for his action and even for his inner self, to which he must helplessly submit, unless he perceives them†. His â€Å"ambiguity over whether he is giving an impartial general account of the logic of methodical action or a subjective situation-bound account of the multiple logics that constitute the different terrains of action† along with vocational politics have bearing on his concept of rationalization as it tends to skew his view against democracy â€Å"by appealing to objective standards of feasibility while maintaining that commitment to either form is a matter of personal choice† (Breiner, 1996, p. 10). The foregoing has direct bearing upon Weber’s concept of rationalization (Breiner, 1996, p. 10). The preceding thus permits us to explore Weber’s approach and concepts of modernisation within what Turner (1993, p. 12) calls â€Å"a Weberian conceptualization of modern social change†. Within modernity the social as well as cultural facets of life do not point us towards an orderly life, but instead â€Å"a number of life spheres whose demands are objective and not influenced by the subject† (Breiner, 1996, p. 59). Each of these spheres is represented by â€Å"its own logic of action† (Breiner, 1996, p. 59). Turner (1993, p. 16) advises that â€Å"In bureaucracy, rationalization produced a system of reliable, dependable decision-making for the realization of public goals†. Weber argues that â€Å"Secularization had liberated human beings from the magical world of the ancients†, and that â€Å"the very same processes of rationalization threaten to subordinate imagination and inspiration to the demands of standardized routines and technical procedures† (Turner, 1993, pp. 16-17). Turner (1993, p. 17) continues â€Å"they threaten to produce a new characterology of soulless, machine-like robots†. The preceding is contained in context in Weber’s address of September 1919 (Turner, 1993, p. 17). â€Å"The fate of our age, with its characteristic rationalization and intellectualization and above all the disenchantment of the world is that the ultimate, most sublime values have withdrawn from public life, either into the transcendental realm of mystical life or into the brotherhood of immediate personal relationships between individuals. It is no accident that our greatest art is intimate rather than monumental, nor is it fortuitous that today only in the smallest groups, between individuals, something pulsates in pianissmo which corresponds to the prophetic pneuma which formerly swept through great communities like fire and welded them together† Conclusion The bureaucratic maze sees â€Å"the projects of political actors may collide not only with the maximizing logic of economic actors seeking power over the market but also with the logic or bureaucracy, which undermines this economic logic† (Briener, 1996, pp. 115-116). In order to overcome the preceding, Weber explains that the political actors â€Å"may have to mobilize masses of citizens under party machines† (Briener, 1996, p. 116). Turner (1993, p. 92) explains that under â€Å"patrimonialism, at each stage of the tax-gathering exercise and at each level of the bureaucracy, the tax-yield was progressively creamed-off by the bureaucracy†. The bureaucratic nature of the new state systems utilized bureaucratic level to administer programs that were overseen by inefficient levels of management and response to the public good, thus creating a tax based support system that stood upon the back of its supporters (Turner, 1993, p. 93). The preceding stifled creativity and innovation within the system as those in power seeking to maintain their power acted out of their own self interests and political interest first, as opposed to a view to the future that would have benefited their nation as a whole. This defensive posture of holding onto the popular and or accepted views in face of better approaches is a hallmark of bureaucracy which dehumises the human element in support of its own well being and safekeeping. The bureaucracy nature of industrial societies is still in force today, whereby the conforming to the norm represents the belief systems for the majority of its populations thus making Weber’s â€Å"soulless, machine-like robots† Turner, 1993, p. 17)a reality for the lower and middle classes. An upper class still does exist as defined by educational attainment and or family heritage, and this can be found throughout the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Japan and other industrialized nations whereby the founders of major corporations have the heirs and or appointees installed as the operative heads of these machines of capitalisation. This brings us back to Durkheim’s forced division of labor (Turner, 1993, pp. 98-99)which still exists and is a control factor in modern industrialized societies as indicated by the aforementioned educational and heritage facets. The existence of unions and associations to obtain rights and conditions for workers is proof of the foregoing, for if the machinery of society were in fact skewed to all of its individuals, then the need for these types of organizations would not be necessary. This is brings us to what Durkheim (Turner, 1993, p. 98) stated as a â€Å"fundamental crisis of the system, but rather a crisis of adaptation, and continuous contact will eventually produce new rules and a new functional equilibrium between the divided functions, thus assuring social integration†. Privileged positions are to a large degree still a factor of one’s birth, with specialised higher education and contacts representing a path to the upper echelons. Thus Durkheim and Web er were prophetic in their analysis and understandings on some facets. Bibliography About Sociology (2007) Emile Durkheim. Retrieved o 27 May 2007 from http://www.aboutsociology.com/sociology/Emile_Durkheim Briener, P. (1996) Max Weber Democratic Politics. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y., United States cepa.newschool.edu (2007) Max Weber, 1864-1920. Retrieved on 27 May 2007 from http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/weber.htm Durkheim, E. (1997) The Division of Labor in Society. Free Press. New York, United States emile-durkheim.com (2006) Emile Durkheim (1858-1917). Retrieved on 27 May 2007 from http://www.emile-durkheim.com/ Marxists Internet Archive (1999) Max Weber: Definition of Sociology. Retrieved on 27 May 2007 from http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/weber.htm Turner, S. (1993) Emile Durkheim: Sociologist and Moralist. Routledge Publishers, New York, United States Turner, B. (1993) Max Weber: From History to Modernity. Routledge Publications, London, United Kingdom

The Reporter & the Screenwriter Essay examples -- Analysis, Nathanael

The late Steve Jobs in his 2005 commencement address at Stanford University eloquently traced the imprint of a calligraphy class he had taken at Reed College years before to the creation of today’s worldwide standard in computer typography. Esteemed architect Frank Gehry can trace the imprint of his college job working in a museum to his current success, and moreover can trace the imprint of a different piece of art to each one of the buildings he has created. President Bill Clinton can trace the imprint of witnessing Martin Luther King, Jr.’s 1963 â€Å"I have a Dream† speech to his decision to devote his life to politics. However, in regards to the novelist and tracing the imprint of their work, it appears the dominate voice echoing through the pages of their novel is life experience. Two such novels that trace their imprint from life experience are Sister Carrie by former newspaper reporter Theodore Dreiser, and The Day of the Locust by screenwriter Nathanael West. In obvious ways Sister Carrie shares its subject matter with the newspaper. As it is well-known, the model for Sister Carrie’s main character is Dreiser’s sister Emma, who fled from Chicago to New York with her married lover after he stole money from the saloon where he worked. Dreiser based the character of Sister Carrie on family experience, but the novel’s origins are journalistic as well as personal. The entire New York City section of Sister Carrie, with its dual emphasis on the glamorous world of the theatre and the miserable existence of the tramp, mirrors actual newspaper stories of both Broadway and the Bowery. Men similar to Hurstwood in his downward spiral could be easily found in the newspaper. Dreiser may have written an article about a trap who, like ... ...dull, heavy labor,† West writes of the transplanted Midwesterner, â€Å"Their boredom becomes more and more terrible. They realize that they’ve been tricked and burn with resentment. Every day of their lives they read the newspapers and went to the movies. Both fed them on lynching, murder, sex crimes, explosions, wrecks, love nests, fires, miracles, revolutions, wars†¦ They have been cheated and betrayed† (West 177-178). The riot at the gala premier at the end of the novel is their revenge on the false promises of movies. Two very different stories written by men who let their life experience trace an imprint through the pages of their novels. Theodore Dreiser with the traces of the who, what, where, when and why of the newspaper reporter and Nathanael West with the traces of montage and dialogue of the screenwriter - both leaving their unending imprint as novelists.

Literary Analysis: The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay

Since its publication in 1892, The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, has generated a variety of interpretations. Originally viewed to be a ghost story, it has been regarded as gothic literature, science fiction, a statement on postpartum depression, having Victorian patriarchal attitudes and a journey into the depths of mental illness. More controversial, but curiously overlooked is the topic of the rest cure’ and whether Gilman’s associations are fact or fiction. Evidence supports Charlotte Gilman may have misrepresented the Weir Mitchell Rest Cure, and pokes more holes in The Yellow Wallpaper.† The story’s female character is suffering from â€Å"temporary nervous depression a slight hysterical(1) tendency,† and prescribed a rest cure. The treatment enforced absolute bed rest, forbade physical, mental or social activities and required total isolation from family and friends. Eventually the lack of stimulation and complete solitude only added to the desolation, and pushed her to the brink of insanity. The Yellow Wallpaper was based on Gilman’s personal experience with postpartum depression and treatment received by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, pioneer of the Rest Cure. The parallels between her experiences and those of the story are noticeable, as are implications of late nineteenth-century patriarchal and medical attitudes toward women, during that time. As a fictional story, and nothing else, The Yellow Wallpaper depicts a postpartum woman driven to psychosis by an inept doctor who is also her husband. However, as a fictional autobiography, it is read as an â€Å"indictment of the nineteenth-century medical profession and its patriarchal attitudes.† After the 1973 reissue of The Yellow Wallpaper, Gilman directly criticizes Mitchell’s treatment, saying, â€Å"the real purpose of the story was to reach Dr. S Weir Mitchell, and convince him of the error of his ways.† She claimed his rest cure brought her â€Å"perilously near to losing [her] mind.† Mitchell’s â€Å"errors† by many accounts, far surpass his medical therapies alone. A tenacious male-chauvinist, by today’s standards, he was vehemently opposed to women voting, and strongly against higher education. He felt it got in the way of being good wives and mothers, saying â€Å"there had better be none of it.† Women’s â€Å"finest nobleness† according to Mitchell, was â€Å"to be homeful for others.†

Sojourner Truth Quotes

Sojourner Truth Quotes Sojourner Truth was born a slave and became a popular spokesperson for abolition, womens rights, and temperance. A history-maker from the start - she was the first black woman to win a court case against a white man when she won custody of her son after running away - she became one of the eras best known figures. Her famous Aint I a Woman? speech is known in several variants, because Sojourner Truth herself did not write it down; all copies of the speech come from secondhand sources at best. It was delivered at the Womens Convention in Akron, Ohio on May 29, 1851, and was first published in the Anti-Slavery Bugle on June 21, 1851. Truths public life and remarks contained many quotations that have endured throughout time. Selected Sojourner Truth Quotations And aint I a woman?There is a great stir about colored men getting their rights, but not a word about the colored women; and if colored men get their rights, and not colored women theirs, you see the colored men will be masters over the women, and it will be just as bad as it was before. So I am for keeping the thing going while things are stirring; because if we wait till it is still, it will take a great while to get it going again. Equal Rights Convention, New York, 1867It is the mind that makes the body.If the first woman God ever made was strong enough to turn the world upside down all alone, these women together ought to be able to turn it back, and get it right side up again! And now they is asking to do it, the men better let them.Truth burns up error.Where did your Christ come from? From God and a woman! Man had nothing to do with Him.Religion without humanity is poor human stuff. Two Versions, One Speech Truths most famous speech, Aint I A Woman, was passed down through history in a decidedly different version than the one she originally delivered. During the American Civil War, her remarks regained popularity and was republished in 1863 by Frances Dana Barker Gage. This version was translated into a stereotypical dialect of slaves from the South, whereas Truth herself was raised in New York and spoke Dutch as a first language. Gage also embellished Truths original remarks, exaggerating claims (for instance, claiming that Truth had had thirteen children when the real Truth had five). Gages version includes a framing device depicting a hostile crowd won over by Truths almost miraculous speech. It also contrasts the regular English spoken by bystanders with the heavy dialect of Gages version of Truth: Dat man ober dar say dat womin needs to be helped into carriages, and lifted ober ditches, and to hab de best place everywhar. Nobody eber helps me into carriages, or ober mud-puddles, or gibs me any best place! And raising herself to her full height, and her voice to a pitch like rolling thunders, she asked And ant I a woman? Look at me! Look at me! Look at my arm! (and she bared her right arm to the shoulder, showing her tremendous muscular power). I have ploughed, and planted, and gathered into barns, and no man could head me! And ant I a woman? I could work as much and eat as much as a man - when I could get it - and bear de lash a well! And ant I a woman? I have borne thirteen chilern, and seen em mos all sold off to slavery, and when I cried out with my mothers grief, none but Jesus heard me! And ant I a woman?  Ã‚   In contrast, the original transcription, written down by Marius Robinson (who attended the convention where Truth spoke), depicts Truth as speaking standard American English, without markers of an accent or dialect. The same passage reads: I want to say a few words about this matter. I am a womans rights. I have as much muscle as any man, and can do as much work as any man. I have plowed and reaped and husked and chopped and mowed, and can any man do more than that? I have heard much about the sexes being equal. I can carry as much as any man, and can eat as much too, if I can get it. I am as strong as any man that is now. As for intellect, all I can say is, if a woman have a pint, and a man a quart – why cant she have her little pint full? You need not be afraid to give us our rights for fear we will take too much, – for we cant take more than our pintll hold. The poor men seems to be all in confusion, and dont know what to do. Why children, if you have womans rights, give it to her and you will feel better. You will have your own rights, and they wont be so much trouble. I cant read, but I can hear. I have heard the Bible and have learned that Eve caused man to sin. Well, if woman upset the world, do gi ve her a chance to set it right side up again. Sources History of Woman Suffrage, ed.  Elizabeth Cady Stanton,  Susan B. Anthony, and  Matilda Joslyn Gage, 2nd ed., Rochester, NY: 1889.Mabee, Carleton, and Susan Mabee Newhouse.  Sojourner Truth: Slave, Prophet, Legend. NYU Press, 1995.

Martin Luther A Development of His Theology essays

Martin Luther A Development of His Theology essays Martin Luthers development of his theology, Lutheranism, took many years of Biblical studies, monastic living and inner soul searching. Luther had been designated by his father to be a lawyer. He pursued this wish by attending the University of Erfurt, a university that was considered to be the best and a university in which religion played a dominant role. In 1505 he passed his Masters exam and received his degree of Law. Also in 1505 Luther had an intense spiritual experience; a bolt of lightning struck him down. In his fear, he pleaded with St. Anne to spare his life and in return he will devote his life to the monastery. It is here that I will explain how he developed his theology. In the fall of 1506 Luther entered the Augustinian Order as he had promised St. Anne, and was a monk for the next twenty or so years. While he was a monk, he became concerned with the impending question, How can I be saved? He was faithful in his obedience to his order, and performed the spiritual requirements with a reverence. As Luther stated, If ever a monk came to heaven through monkery, it should have been I. But Luther thought of himself as unworthy in Gods eyes. God was stern and to be feared, he was at the mercy of a relentless judge, and he had no possibility of appeal. How could this God be the just God that is spoken of in the scriptures, when He set forth-impossible requirements for a human to achieve to attain salvation? He was deeply troubled in the fact that he went against his fathers wishes for him to be a lawyer for he broke the fourth commandment: honor thy father and mother. It seemed to Martin that the harder he tried to attain salvation and get close to his God, the farther away he was. In Luthers search for inner-spirituality, another Augustinian Monk assisted him by telling him to look no further than the death of Jesus Christ on the cross for his salvat...